Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a common condition of the scalp, characterised by red, scaly patches accompanied by stubborn dandruff. Although it primarily affects the scalp, it can also appear on other oily areas of the body such as the chest, face, and eyelids.
Based on the age group affected, the condition has two types:
- Infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis: Occurring in babies, this is characterised by a red rash spreading across the armpits and groin, with pink scaly patches that peel away.
- Adult seborrhoeic dermatitis: Occurring in adults on the scalp and in areas prone to sweat and oil, this appears as diffuse, scaly, red patches on the scalp, upper chest, face, groin, and hairline.
What are the symptoms of seborrhoeic dermatitis?
- Scaly patches on the scalp.
- Dandruff on the hair, eyebrows, and scalp.
- Diffuse patches of greasy or oily skin, usually covered by whitish-yellow flaky scales, on the face, scalp, eyelids, eyebrows, chest, groin, and armpits.
- Excessive itching in these areas.
- Redness and inflammation of the skin.
When to see a dermatologist
Seborrhoeic dermatitis is not as itchy as eczema or psoriasis, but home remedies do not always resolve it and medical attention may be needed. It is advisable to see a dermatologist in the following cases:
- When the itching becomes unbearable and affects your quality of life, including your sleep.
- When lesions on the scalp and elsewhere affect your self-esteem, causing anxiety or embarrassment.
- When self-care tips and home remedies are not effective.
- When a pus-like fluid oozes from the affected area.
How to treat seborrhoeic dermatitis
In some people the condition resolves on its own; in others, medical treatment helps avoid flare-ups and manage it properly. Depending on the severity, the dermatologist may suggest the following.
Prescription medicines
These are prescribed as topical creams, ointments, and shampoos containing clobetasol, hydrocortisone, desonide, or other corticosteroids. Use them as advised, at the recommended dosage, and apply them consistently for the desired result.
Antifungal creams
Antifungal creams are useful in treating seborrhoeic dermatitis. The choice depends on the severity and the affected area; most commonly the dermatologist prescribes 2% ketoconazole or 1% ciclopirox.
Oral medication
If topical application does not improve the condition, the dermatologist may prescribe oral medication.
Lifestyle changes
Alongside prescription medication, the dermatologist will suggest changes to your diet and skincare routine:
- Wash your hair and scalp regularly to remove dirt and dust.
- Apply healthy oils to your scalp to reduce dryness, but only after discussing it with your dermatologist.
- Avoid styling products of all kinds, as they may aggravate the condition.
- Use gentle skin and hair care products, and avoid those with harsh chemicals.
- Focus on your diet and try not to be overly stressed about the condition.
Long-term management with expert care
Seborrhoeic dermatitis tends to recur, so consistent maintenance is key to keeping flare-ups at bay. At Derma Essence, treatment is led by Dr. Reena Sharma (MD Dermatology). For related concerns, see our dandruff or atopic dermatitis pages.
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